Pine (Tree)
Description
Pine trees (Pinus species) are evergreen conifers in the family Pinaceae. They have needle-like leaves arranged in bundles and distinctive woody cones. With over 120 species, pines are among the most widespread conifers in the Northern Hemisphere, adapted to climates from subarctic to tropical mountain regions. They’re recognized for their aromatic resin and straight trunks, and are economically important for timber, pulp, and resin. Common species include Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), eastern white pine (Pinus strobus), and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa).
Allergy Symptoms
Here’s something that surprises many people: despite producing huge amounts of highly visible yellow pollen, pine pollen is actually less allergenic than most other tree pollens. The grains are relatively large and heavy, so they settle quickly rather than staying airborne for long. That said, some people do react:
- Sneezing and runny or congested nose
- Itchy, watery, red eyes
- Coughing and throat irritation
- Asthma flare-ups in sensitive individuals
Unlike many other tree pollens, pine pollen allergies aren’t commonly linked to Oral Allergy Syndrome. That yellow coating you see on everything in spring? The true allergenic culprits are often other trees pollinating at the same time.
Typical Pollination Period
Pine trees pollinate in spring, with timing varying by species and region:
- General timing: Late March through May in most temperate regions
- Southern regions: Can start as early as February
- Northern regions: May extend into June
Geographic Distribution
Pine trees grow widely across the Northern Hemisphere:
- North America: Abundant throughout the US and Canada, especially in mountainous, boreal, and coastal regions
- Europe: Common from the Mediterranean to Scandinavia
- Asia: Found in temperate and subtropical regions of China, Japan, Korea, and Russia
- Southern Hemisphere: Introduced and cultivated in Australia, South America, and South Africa
Tips for Allergy Sufferers
- Check pollen forecasts, but remember visible pine pollen may not be your main problem
- Keep windows closed and use HEPA air purifiers
- Shower and change clothes after being outside
- Antihistamines or nasal corticosteroids can help — ask your doctor
- If symptoms are bad during pine season, other trees pollinating at the same time might be the real cause
- For persistent symptoms, consider allergy testing or immunotherapy